Product Overview
A welded shaft is a composite structure shaft component joined by friction welding two or more shaft segments of the same or different materials. Friction welding utilizes heat generated by relative friction between workpiece contact surfaces to achieve plastic deformation, while applying forging pressure to create a solid-state bond. This process offers high weld strength, minimal heat-affected zone, and freedom from porosity or inclusions. By selecting different material combinations, functional zone optimization can be achieved on a single shaft — for example, using high-hardness alloy steel for gear teeth to ensure wear resistance, and medium carbon steel for the shaft body to ensure toughness and cost-effectiveness.
Yubao Transmission Technology employs the Shengchun MCH-20B friction welding machine (20-ton class), capable of welding shaft components up to 1000mm in length, with weld strength coefficient ≥95% of base material. Post-weld heat treatment and precision machining enable balance grades of G6.3–G2.5 to meet high-speed rotation requirements. Every weld is 100% inspected by magnetic particle/eddie current testing to ensure zero-defect delivery.
Technical Parameters
Basic Parameters (Shaft Universal)
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Unit |
Value/Range |
Tolerance |
Notes |
| Outer Diameter |
D |
mm |
21–350 |
h6–h9 |
Post-weld overall outer diameter |
| Total Length |
L |
mm |
≤1000 |
±0.1 |
Post-weld total length |
| Number of Segments |
n |
— |
2–3 |
— |
Typically two-piece or three-piece |
| Straightness |
— |
mm |
0.02 |
≤ |
Post-weld overall straightness |
| Cylindricity |
— |
mm |
0.005 |
≤ |
Post-weld grinding guaranteed |
| Radial Runout |
TIR |
mm |
0.01 |
≤ |
Weld zone runout control |
| Surface Roughness |
Ra |
μm |
0.2–0.8 |
≤ |
Ground areas |
| Surface Hardness |
HRC/HV |
— |
55–62 |
— |
Post-heat treatment |
| Center Hole Spec |
— |
— |
1.0–12.5 |
— |
Type A/B/C |
Welding-Specific Parameters
| Parameter |
Symbol |
Unit |
Value/Range |
Tolerance |
Notes |
| Welding Process |
— |
— |
Friction Welding |
— |
Electron beam welding optional |
| Weld Strength Coefficient |
— |
% |
≥95 |
≥ |
Percentage of base material tensile strength |
| Weld Inspection Requirement |
— |
— |
MPI/Eddy Current |
— |
X-ray/UT/MPI options |
| Balance Grade |
— |
G |
G6.3–G2.5 |
≤ |
Required for high-speed shafts |
| Max Single Segment Length |
— |
mm |
≤600 |
— |
Pre-weld single segment length |
| Welding Flash |
— |
mm |
≤0.5 |
— |
Post-weld removal and regrinding |
Machining Capabilities
| Process |
Equipment |
Range |
Accuracy Achieved |
| Friction Welding |
Shengchun MCH-20B (20-ton) |
Weld length ≤1000mm |
Weld strength ≥95% of base material |
| Pre-Weld Machining |
CNC Lathe Precision Turning |
Each segment machined separately |
End face perpendicularity ≤0.01mm |
| Post-Weld Heat Treatment |
Stress Relief/Quenching & Tempering |
Weld zone |
Eliminate residual stresses |
| Post-Weld Precision Grinding |
Cylindrical/Centerless Grinder |
Weld zone and full length |
Radial runout ≤0.01mm |
| NDT Inspection |
Magnetic Particle/Eddy Current Testing |
100% weld inspection |
Zero crack standard |
| Dynamic Balance Correction |
Balancing Machine |
Required for high-speed shafts |
G6.3–G2.5 grade |
Material Combination Solutions
| Application Scenario |
Material A (Gear/High-Load Section) |
Material B (Shaft Body) |
Combination Advantage |
| Gear Shaft |
20CrMnTi (carburizing steel) |
45# Steel (medium carbon) |
Wear-resistant teeth + economical body |
| High-Torque Shaft |
42CrMo (Q&T steel) |
40Cr |
Overall high strength + cost control |
| Corrosion-Resistant Shaft |
Stainless Steel (304/316) |
Carbon Steel |
Key section corrosion-resistant + economical |
| Lightweight Shaft |
16MnCr5 |
Aluminum Segment |
Local strength + overall weight reduction |
Note: Material combinations must consider welding compatibility. Dissimilar material welding requires process validation. Please consult our technical department for special material combinations.
Product Features
- Optimized Material Configuration: Different functional zones use optimal materials, balancing performance and cost
- High Weld Strength: Friction weld strength ≥95% of base material, no porosity or inclusions in weld zone
- Minimal HAZ: Solid-state welding process produces heat-affected zone of only 2–5mm, minimal material property change
- Excellent Dynamic Balance: Post-weld precision machining and dynamic balance correction for smooth high-speed operation
- Quality Traceability: 100% NDT inspection of welds, inspection records archived ≥10 years
Typical Applications
| Application Sector |
Specific Use |
Material Combination |
| Automotive |
Half shaft, drive shaft |
Medium carbon + alloy steel |
| Construction Machinery |
Hydraulic pump main shaft |
Teeth 20CrMnTi + Body 45# Steel |
| Industrial Reducers |
Gear shaft |
Teeth carburizing steel + Body Q&T steel |
| Household Appliances |
Washing machine drum shaft |
Stainless steel + carbon steel |
| Wind Energy |
Pitch bearing shaft, main shaft |
Large-diameter alloy steel segmented welding |
